A Retrospective Surgical Experience Regarding Open and Laparoscopic Procedures of the Hepatic Hydatid Cyst with an up to Date Complete Review of the Literature And a Focus On Original Romanian Techniques

Introduction: Even though the development of the recent anti-parasitic drugs has led to a high degree of efficiency, surgical treatment still remains the gold standard for a number of conditions. Material and method. The authors discuss a series of 90 cases in a multicenter and retrospective analysis that stretches over 20 years. Results and discussions. These cases have been diagnosed and treated – through different surgical methods, both classical and laparoscopic – for hepatic hydatid cysts. The paper also presents a short review of the major types of surgical procedures cited in the international literature, with a specific focus on the advantages brought by Romanian innovations in this field. Conclusions. Even though the classical open approach still assumes the first place among surgical procedures, modern laparoscopic techniques have earned a much appreciated place in providing positive results based on long-term assessment, with virtually no or only minor complications. In this regard the Romanian school of surgery has offered a significant contribution to this field

Parallel inferencing method and apparatus for rule-based expert systems

The invention analyzes areas of conditions with an expert knowledge base of rules using plural separate nodes which fire respective rules of said knowledge base, each of said rules upon being fired altering certain of said conditions predicated upon the existence of other said conditions. The invention operates by constructing a P representation of all pairs of said rules which are input dependent or output dependent; constructing a C representation of all pairs of said rules which are communication dependent or input dependent; determining which of the rules are ready to fire by matching the predicate conditions of each rule with the conditions of said set; enabling said node means to simultaneously fire those of the rules ready to fire which are defined by said P representation as being free of input and output dependencies; and communicating from each node enabled by said enabling step the alteration of conditions by the corresponding rule to other nodes whose rules are defined by said C matrix means as being input or communication dependent upon the rule of said enabled node

A Proposed Therapeutic Algorithm Based on Multiple Case Analysis Regarding the Repair Options of Iatrogenic Biliary Lesions Following Open and Laparoscopic Surgery

Introduction: the problem of the iatrogenic lesions of the main biliary pathways is far from being completely clarified and still represents a serious surgical situation, during both open and laparoscopic surgeries. The outcome of these situations is closely linked with the actual moment of discovery of the lesion and the surgical methods for repairing such defects and implies a great number of options, such as reconstructive, derivative and substitutive techniques. Objectives: the goal of this paper is to present an algorithm of choices and their consequences for clinical conduit in the case of iatrogenic biliary lesions discovered in the course of open or laparoscopic procedures of the main biliary pathways, based on our experience. Material and method: We present a multicentric retrospective study of 53 cases of lesions following open and laparoscopic procedures, from a larger lot of 10.015 surgeries on extrahepatic biliary ducts recorded during a 40 years period of time, in 2 clinical hospitals. Out of these, 2127 interventions were strictly focused on the common bile duct, for various pathology. Conclusion: The choice of the optimum method is strictly correlated with the morphological nature of the lesion, which is different from one stage to the other, depending upon the moment of detection, and therefore have different surgical implications

An evidence based guide to a safe intraoperative approach of avoiding iatrogenic lesions during difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomies

Introduction: Although there are many sources for iatrogenic lesions during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, only a few stand out as being one of the most difficult to predict due to their nature of being very hard to diagnose before surgery. Materials and Methods: a short guide of cases with an evidence-based approach to avoid laparoscopic iatrogenic lesions. Results: these cases have been classified and presented into 3 main groups: cases with abnormal arterial layout, cases with heavy alteration of the normal anatomy, and cases with anomalies of the main biliary pathway. Conclusions: while not a complete guide covering all aspects of intraoperative traps during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, this series of cases points out some dangerous situations and some simple solutions to avoid those fiercely iatrogenic lesions of the ductal and vascular landmarks associated with an otherwise simple surgical intervention that has become the golden standard of the gallbladder lithiasic pathology

A Retrospective Surgical Experience Regarding Open and Laparoscopic Procedures of the Hepatic Hydatid Cyst with an up to Date Complete Review of the Literature And a Focus On Original Romanian Techniques

Introduction: Even though the development of the recent anti-parasitic drugs has led to a high degree of efficiency, surgical treatment still remains the gold standard for a number of conditions. Material and method. The authors discuss a series of 90 cases in a multicenter and retrospective analysis that stretches over 20 years. Results and discussions. These cases have been diagnosed and treated – through different surgical methods, both classical and laparoscopic – for hepatic hydatid cysts. The paper also presents a short review of the major types of surgical procedures cited in the international literature, with a specific focus on the advantages brought by Romanian innovations in this field. Conclusions. Even though the classical open approach still assumes the first place among surgical procedures, modern laparoscopic techniques have earned a much appreciated place in providing positive results based on long-term assessment, with virtually no or only minor complications. In this regard the Romanian school of surgery has offered a significant contribution to this field

La lucha contra la discriminación del colectivo LGTBIQ+: mecanismos para su eliminación en el ámbito laboral

Este trabajo se propone a analizar la situación actual de las personas del colectivo LGTBIQ+, tanto a nivel social como laboral. Se pretende ofrecer una visión panorámica del marco jurídico vigente en los diferentes niveles, que ha ido conformándose para hacer frente a las formas de discriminación que se dirigen hacia las personas con una orientación, condición o identidad sexual, distinta a la heterosexual hegemónica. Se hará especial hincapié en el ámbito laboral, donde estas discriminaciones se reproducen con mayor frecuencia, estudiando las diferentes causas de discriminación que pueden sufrir a lo largo de su vida social o laboral, tales como el acoso y los delitos de odio, finalizando con el análisis de algunas propuestas antidiscriminatorias para el colectivo LGTBIQ+ a nivel laboral.This work aims to analyze the current situation of LGBTQ+ individuals, both on a social and workplace level. The goal is to provide an overview of the existing legal framework at various levels, which has been developed to address forms of discrimination directed towards individuals with a sexual orientation, condition, or identity different from the hegemonic heterosexual norm. Special emphasis will be placed on the workplace, where these discriminations occur more frequently, studying the different causes of discrimination they may experience throughout their social or professional lives, such as harassment and hate crimes. It will conclude with an analysis of some antidiscrimination proposals for the LGBTQ+ community in the workplace

Fault Detection in Three-phase Induction Motor based on Data Acquisition and ANN based Data Processing

The main objective of this paper is to investigate how a failure in the functioning of a normal electrical system represented by a three-phase asynchronous motor will modify the voltages and currents present in the system and if it is possible to design a system that is able to automatically detect the fault, based on the use of modern data acquisition system and powerful computer processing capabilities. The detection of faulty signals is realised using Feedforward Artificial Neural Networks